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Calvary, ca. 1515 - ca. 1530

  • oil paint, panel
  • 102 x 79.5 cm
  • Inv. 1900-B

Public Domain

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The spectator is immediately struck by thedazzling array of colours and the chaos of the many overlapping figures in the crowd in this Calvary scene. This is typical of Provoost’s style. Many of the figures, such as the horseman, Mary Magdalene, John the Apostle and the holy women, were directly copied from engravings or paintings by artists such as Rogier van der Weyden. The dog is clearly inspired by a print by Albrecht Dürer. While Provoost is developing the tale of Christ’s death on the cross, several of the figures in the painting clearly do not belong in this biblical scene. The young man with his black beret, above the holy women to the left, the figure in armour under the cross and the stout man in pink on the far right are clearly portraits of contemporary characters. A view of Bruges in the distance, on the right, depicts St. Donatus’ Church and the fortress of the Seven Towers, which no longer exist.

Artist

Jan Provoost RKD
Mons 1462 - Bruges 1525 - 1529
painters (artists)AAT

Title Calvary
Date ca. 1515 - ca. 1530
Period 16th century
Signatures, inscriptions, and markings inscription on the scabbard of the horseman's sword: ARENOPI FAT
inscription on the rider's belt: NKO
Collection paintings AAT
Object type oil paintings (visual works) AAT
Inventory number 1900-B
Acquisition credit gift
The Friends of the Museum
Ghent
1900
Current whereabouts Work on display
Permalink https://mskgent.be/collection/work/data/1900-B
IIIF Manifest https://imagehub.mskgent.be/iiif/3/315/manifest.json
Art & Architecture Thesaurus 300055874 religious symbolism AAT
300015636 landscapes AAT
Keywords Iconclass 11D Christ Iconclass
11D3 Christ as adult Iconclass
11D334 adult Christ together with apostles, evangelists, saints, etc. Iconclass
11F the Virgin Mary Iconclass
11H(JOHN THE BAPTIST) John the Baptist; possible attributes: book, reed cross, baptismal cup, honeycomb, lamb, staff Iconclass
11HH(MARY MAGDALENE) the penitent harlot Mary Magdalene; possible attributes: book (or scroll), crown, crown of thorns, crucifix, jar of ointment, mirror, musical instrument, palm-branch, rosary, scourge Iconclass
11Q751 (public) prayer Iconclass
25G1 plants (in general) Iconclass
25G11 groups of trees Iconclass
25G3 trees Iconclass
25G41 flowers Iconclass
25H1 landscapes in the temperate zone Iconclass
25H113 (high) hill Iconclass
25H213 river Iconclass
25I city-view, and landscape with man-made constructions Iconclass
25I12 prospect of city, town panorama, silhouette of city Iconclass
25I1411 lane, alley Iconclass
26A clouds Iconclass
31A211 (human) skull Iconclass
31A2516 arm or hand held in front of the body Iconclass
31A251611 hand holding the breast Iconclass
31A252 postures and gestures of arms and hands in relation to each other Iconclass
31A2522 hands folded Iconclass
31A25221 hands folded with fingers knit Iconclass
31A2523 hands against each other Iconclass
31A25551 index finger upwards Iconclass
31A51453 ointment-jar Iconclass
31B62 morphology of facial expression Iconclass
31B6211 looking upwards Iconclass
31B6214 weeping Iconclass
31B62141 tears Iconclass
31D111 infant, baby ~ the ages of man Iconclass
34B11 dog Iconclass
41A housing Iconclass
41A1 civic architecture; edifices; dwellings Iconclass
41A14 urban housing Iconclass
41D221 head-gear Iconclass
41D221(CAP) head-gear: cap Iconclass
41D221(HAT) head-gear: hat Iconclass
41D221(HEADSCARF) head-gear (HEADSCARF) Iconclass
41D2211 veil Iconclass
41D26511 gold-thread embroidery Iconclass
41D2656 belt, girdle, waistband Iconclass
41D266 ornaments, jewels Iconclass
44G32 executioner, hangman Iconclass
45B the soldier; the soldier's life Iconclass
45C22 armour Iconclass
45C221 helmet Iconclass
46C131 riding a horse, ass, or mule; rider, horseman Iconclass
47D8(KNIFE) tools, aids, implements ~ crafts and industries: knife Iconclass
49L8 inscription Iconclass
61E(BRUGES) names of cities and villages (BRUGES) Iconclass
61F(SAINT DONATION’S CHURCH) names of historical buildings, sites, streets, etc. (SAINT DONATION’S CHURCH) Iconclass
61F(THE SEVEN TOWERS) names of historical buildings, sites, streets, etc. (THE SEVEN TOWERS) Iconclass
73 New Testament Iconclass
73C public life of Christ: from his baptism until the Passion Iconclass
73D Passion of Christ Iconclass
73D58 the superscription: I(esus) N(azarenus) R(ex) I(udaeorum) ~ Christ's crucifixion Iconclass
73D6 the crucifixion of Christ: Christ's death on the cross; Golgotha (Matthew 27:45-58; Mark 15:33-45; Luke 23:44-52; John 19:25-38) Iconclass
73D625 bystanders at the foot of the cross, among whom Mary, Mary Magdalene and John the Evangelist; Mary may be shown swooning Iconclass
73D643 crucified Christ with Mary, John, and Mary Magdalene Iconclass
73D6712 loin-cloth ~ particularities of crucifixion scenes Iconclass
73D6714 blood spouting from Christ's wounds Iconclass
73D82(CROWN OF THORNS) crown of thorns ~ instruments of the Passion Iconclass
73D82(LANCE) lance ~ instruments of the Passion Iconclass
School / Style Early Netherlandish AAT
Jan Provoost. 0.1661. Kruisiging / Dirk De Vos. - [s.l.] : [s.n.], [s.a.] (p. 201-203)
'Jan Provoost (ca. 1465-1529), 89.1.I Kruisiging', in: Jaarboek 1989-90. Stad / Dirk De Vos. - Brugge : Vrienden van de Stedelijke Musea Brugge, [s.a.] (p. 20-21)
200 jaar verzamelen : Collectieboek Museum voor Schone Kunsten Gent / Arnout Balis, Robert Hoozee, Maximiliaan P.J. Martens, Paul Van Haute. - Gent : Ludion, 2000 (p. 271 (ill. 14))
Oude Meesters uit het Museum voor schone Kunsten Gent in de crypte van de Sint-Baafskathedraal. - Gent : Museum voor Schone Kunsten Gent, 2004 (s.p., cat. 26)
Museum voor Schone Kunsten Gent : Catalogus schilderkunst ; Deel I: 14de - 18de eeuw ; Deel II: 19de - 20ste eeuw / Robert Hoozee, Johan De Smet, Bruno Fornari, Ruth Monteyne. - Gent : Museum voor Schone Kunsten Gent, 2007 (dl. I, p. 138-139 (ill.))
Museum voor Schone Kunsten Gent : De collectie (tentoonstelling vanaf 21 maart 2021) / Johan De Smet, Bart Ooghe, Frederica Van Dam, Lieven Van Den Abeele, Cathérine Verleysen. - Gent : Museum voor Schone Kunsten Gent, 2021
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Gand : La Collection (exposition dès le 21 mars 2021) / Johan De Smet, Bart Ooghe, Frederica Van Dam, Lieven Van Den Abeele, Cathérine Verleysen. - Gand : Musée des Beaux-Arts de Gand, 2021
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